What is true about varicella zoster transmission?

The statement regarding the period of contagiousness accurately reflects the transmission dynamics of varicella zoster virus, which causes chickenpox. Individuals infected with the virus are contagious from approximately 1 to 2 days before the onset of the rash and continue to be contagious for about 4 to 7 days following the appearance of the rash. This wide window of contagiousness is crucial for understanding how the virus spreads, primarily through respiratory droplets and direct contact with the fluid from the blisters of the rash.

Understanding this period is vital for public health measures, as it highlights the need for isolation of infected individuals to prevent an outbreak, particularly in settings like schools and daycare centers where children are in close contact. This also underscores the importance of vaccination, which has significantly reduced the incidence of varicella disease in populations with high vaccination coverage.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately describe the transmission of varicella zoster virus. For instance, covering the lesions may not effectively prevent transmission, as the virus is largely spread via respiratory routes. Furthermore, varicella zoster is indeed transmitted through respiratory means and the incidence of the disease has decreased significantly mainly due to vaccination efforts.